‘“And complete the Hajj and ‘Umrah for Allah .”
Abu Hurairah I narrates: Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said, ‘(The performance of) Umrah is an expiation for the sins committed (between it and the previous one). And the reward of Hajj Mabrur (the one accepted by Allah) is nothing except Paradise. ‘
This course (see video above) is designed to provide an overview of how to perform Hajj and Umrah.
PowerPoint Slides can be downloaded here.
How to Perform Umrah
Going to The Masjid Al Haram, Makkah
- Begin by performing ablution (wudu) and taking a moment to rest. Then, make your way to Masjid al Haram.
- As you approach the barriers, you will notice guards stationed there. These guards are there to manage the crowd and assist with entry into the Mataf area.
- Keep in mind that only individuals dressed in Ihram attire will be allowed to enter the Mataf area by the guards. It is essential to be properly attired before attempting to enter.
- During peak times, you may be asked to present your Nusuk booking for Umrah. However, please note that these requirements can sometimes change unexpectedly.
- Once you enter the Masjid, take off your shoes and make the intention (niyya) for Nafl Itikaf (optional seclusion for worship).
- As you step into the Masjid, enter the Masjid with the right foot and recite the Sunnah Duas (supplications) that are recommended upon entering: “In the name of Allah, and prayers and peace be upon the Messenger of Allah. O Allah, open the gates of Your mercy for me.”
- The experience may vary depending on how busy it is. If the Mataf area is crowded, you will be directed to proceed straight ahead and perform tawaf on the first floor.
- Alternatively, if the Mataf area is not too crowded, you have the option to choose either the left or right side to access the stairs or escalators that lead to the Mataf area.
Dua at Ka’bah
Here are the steps to follow upon arriving in front of the Kaaba during Umrah:
Walk towards the Kaaba while being mindful of the crowd. Look for a suitable spot where you won’t obstruct others.
Avoid sitting or standing in areas that may cause congestion. Instead, try to move to the side and make dua (supplication) while maintaining a smooth flow of movement.
Rasulullah said, whosoever has the Baitullah (House of Allah) has entered into virtue; and has moved away from sin and he is forgiven. Baihiqi Fathul Qadeer Vol 2 Pg 391 Umdatul Manasik pg 275
Duas are accepted upon the sighting of the Baitullah. Fathul Qadeer
Imam Shafa’ee RA narrates from Ibn Juraij that when Rasulullah sight fell upon the Baitullah he used to raise his hands and engaged in dua. Fathul Qadeer Vol 2 Pg 352 Umdatul Manasik pg 275
Upon sighting the Ka’ba the first time, raise your hands and pour your heart out in Dua, it is a place and an occasion of acceptance of dua.
By following these steps, you can ensure a respectful and considerate approach while making the most of the spiritual opportunity in front of the Kaaba during Umrah.
Tawaf
Talbiyah ends as soon as the one commences the Tawaf.
After the intention perform Istilam of the Hajar e Aswad (Black Stone)
عَنْ جَابِرٍ، قَالَ لَمَّا قَدِمَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَكَّةَ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَاسْتَلَمَ الْحَجَرَ ثُمَّ مَضَى عَلَى يَمِينِهِ فَرَمَلَ ثَلاَثًا وَمَشَى أَرْبَعًا ثُمَّ أَتَى الْمَقَامَ فَقَالَ : (وَاتَّخِذُوا مِنْ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مُصَلًّى ) فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَالْمَقَامُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْبَيْتِ ثُمَّ أَتَى الْحَجَرَ بَعْدَ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ فَاسْتَلَمَهُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى الصَّفَا أَظُنُّهُ قَالََّ :( إِنَّ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةَ مِنْ شَعَائِرِ اللَّهِ )
Jabir narrated: “When Rasulullah arrived in Makkah, he entered the Masjid and touched the (Black) Stone, then went to his right and performed Raml (walking quickly) for three (circuits) and walking for four. Then he came to the Maqam and said: ‘and take you (people) the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim as a place of prayer.’ Then he performed two Rak’ah while the Maqam was between him and the House. Then he came to the (Black) Stone after the two Raka’at to touch it, then he left to As-Safa – I think – he said: Indeed As-Safa and Al-Marwah are among the symbols of Allah.” Tirmizi
After intention and Istilam begin the Tawaf performing Ramal in the first three circuits and walking normally in the last four. When going past ‘Rukn Yemani’ if possible touch it, if not possible then walk past it, as gesturing towards it is not proven. When reaching the Hajar e Aswad perform kiss the ‘Hajar e Aswad if possible, if not gesture towards it with the palm of the hands and kiss them then proceed to the next circuit:
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ طَافَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلَى بَعِيرِهِ، وَكَانَ كُلَّمَا أَتَى عَلَى الرُّكْنِ أَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ، وَكَبَّرَ.
Narrated Ibn `Abbas: Rasulullah performed the Tawaf (around the Ka`ba while riding his camel, and every time he reached the corner (of the Black Stone) he pointed at it with his hand and said, “Allahu Akbar.” Bukhari
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لاَ يَدَعُ أَنْ يَسْتَلِمَ الرُّكْنَ الْيَمَانِيَ وَالْحَجَرَ فِي كُلِّ طَوْفَةٍ قَالَ وَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ يَفْعَلُهُ
Ibn ‘Umar said Rasulullah did not give up touching the Yamani corner and the (Black) Stone in each of his circumambulations. Ibn ‘Umar used to do so. Abu Dawood.
What to recite in the circuits of the Tawaf
حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ أَبِي سَوِيَّةَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ هِشَامٍ، يَسْأَلُ عَطَاءَ بْنَ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ عَنِ الرُّكْنِ الْيَمَانِيِّ، وَهُوَ يَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ عَطَاءٌ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ قَالَ ” وُكِلَ بِهِ سَبْعُونَ مَلَكًا فَمَنْ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ الْعَفْوَ وَالْعَافِيَةَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالآخِرَةِ رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفِي الآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ – قَالُوا آمِينَ ” . فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ الرُّكْنَ الأَسْوَدَ قَالَ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ مَا بَلَغَكَ فِي هَذَا الرُّكْنِ الأَسْوَدِ فَقَالَ عَطَاءٌ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ يَقُولُ ” مَنْ فَاوَضَهُ فَإِنَّمَا يُفَاوِضُ يَدَ الرَّحْمَنِ ” . قَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ فَالطَّوَافُ قَالَ عَطَاءٌ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ يَقُولُ ” مَنْ طَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ سَبْعًا وَلاَ يَتَكَلَّمُ إِلاَّ بِسُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَلاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَاللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ وَلاَ حَوْلَ وَلاَقُوَّةَ إِلاَّ بِاللَّهِ مُحِيَتْ عَنْهُ عَشْرُ سِيِّئَاتٍ وَكُتِبَتْ لَهُ عَشْرُ حَسَنَاتٍ وَرُفِعَ لَهُ بِهَا عَشْرُ دَرَجَاتٍ وَمَنْ طَافَ فَتَكَلَّمَ وَهُوَ فِي تِلْكَ الْحَالِ خَاضَ فِي الرَّحْمَةِ بِرِجْلَيْهِ كَخَائِضِ الْمَاءِ بِرِجْلَيْهِ ”
Humaid bin Abu Sawiyyah said: I heard Ibn Hisham asking ‘Ata’ bin Abu Rabah about the Yemenite Corner, when he was performing Tawaf around the House. ‘Ata’ said: Abu Hurrairah told me that Rasulullah said: “Seventy angels have been appointed over it. Whoever says:
اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ الْعَفْوَ وَالْعَافِيَةَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالآخِرَةِ رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفِي الآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ
they said: Ameen.” When he reached the Hajar e Aswad he said: O Abu Muhammad! What have you heard about this Black Corner? ‘Ataa’ said: Abu Hurrairah told me that he heard Rasulullah say: “whoever faces it is facing the Hand of the Most Merciful.’” Ibn Hisham said to him: O Abu Muhammad, what about Tawaf? ‘Ata’ said: Abu Hurairah told me that he heard Rasulullah say: “Whoever performs Tawaf around the House seven times and does not say anything except: سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَلاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَاللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ وَلاَ حَوْلَ وَلاَقُوَّةَ إِلاَّ بِاللَّهِ
ten bad deeds will be erased from him, ten merits will be recorded for him, and he will be raised ten degrees in status. Whoever performs Tawaf and talks when he is in that situation, is wading in mercy like one who wades in water.” Ibn Majah
After completing the Tawaf which comprises of seven circuits, perform Istilam of Hajar e Aswad for the eighth time and perform two Rakâts of Tawaf behind the Maqam e Ibrahim which is Wajib.
﴿وَاتَّخِذُواْ مِن مَّقَامِ إِبْرَهِيمَ مُصَلًّى﴾
And make the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim as a place of prayer…2:125
This is mentioned in long Hadith recorded by Imam Nasai RA:
فَطَافَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم حِينَ قَدِمَ مَكَّةَ وَاسْتَلَمَ الرُّكْنَ أَوَّلَ شَىْءٍ ثُمَّ خَبَّ ثَلاَثَةَ أَطْوَافٍ مِنَ السَّبْعِ وَمَشَى أَرْبَعَةَ أَطْوَافٍ ثُمَّ رَكَعَ حِينَ قَضَى طَوَافَهُ بِالْبَيْتِ فَصَلَّى عِنْدَ الْمَقَامِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ
Abdullah bin Umar said… Rasulullah performed Tawaf when he came to Makkah and touched the corner (where the Black Stone is) first of all, then he walked rapidly during the first three of the seven circles, and walked during the last four. After he finished the Tawaf of the House he performed two Rakâts at Maqam Ibrahim… Nasai
If it is not possible to perform the two Rakâts of Salah behind Maqam Ibrahim, then you can perform it anywhere in the Haram Al Shareef. Now benefit from the blessed water of Zamzam. Rasulullah has given the glad tidings:
سَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ يَقُولُ “ مَاءُ زَمْزَمَ لِمَا شُرِبَ لَهُ ”
Jabir Ibn Abdullah narrates: “I heard Rasulullah say: ‘The water of Zamzam is for whatever it is drunk for.’ Ibn Majah
Abdullah Ibn Umar RA used to recite this dua when drinking the water of Zamzam as recorded by Dar e Qutni:
اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ عِلْمًا نَافِعًا وَرِزْقًا طَيِّبًا وَ شِفَاءً مِنْ كُلِّ دَاءٍ
When drinking this blessed water Abdullah Ibn Mubarak RA used to say: “I make dua that I will not be thirsty on Youm ul Qiyamah”
Perform Istilam of Hajar e Aswad for the ninth time then proceed to Safa, as can be understood from the narration of Sahih Muslim:
ثُمَّ أَتَى مَقَامَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فَصَلَّى, ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى اَلرُّكْنِ فَاسْتَلَمَهُ.
Then coming to Maqam Ibrahim where he performed two rakâts. He then returned to the Black Stone (Hajar al Aswad) placed his hands on it and kissed it…Muslim
Dua at Multazam
The Multazam is almost impossible to get to during Hajj season due to the large crowds that gather. However, it is accessible during other parts of the year. If it is possible to reach the Multazam, raise your hands above your head, cling to the wall and press your chest and cheeks against it. It is a Sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ and yet another station where supplications are accepted, so you should lengthen your Dua here. If you CAN NOT reach the Multazam due to the crowds, you may face it and supplicate from a distance.
Zam Zam
After completing Salah and making Dua, drink your fill of Zamzam water which is available around the Tawaf area and from various water fountains and dispensers in Masjid al-Haram.
When drinking the water, it is Mustahabb to should stand and face the Kaaba, say Bismillah, pause to take a breath three times, and say Alhamdulillah after finishing. You can also rub it on your face and body. You may recite the following Dua after drinking the water:
اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ عِلْمًا نَافِعًا وَ رِزْقًا وَاسِعًا وَ شِفَاءً مِنْ كُلِّ دَاءٍ
Allahumma innī as’aluka ‘ilman nāfi’an, wa rizqan wāsi’an, wa ‘amalan mutaqabbalan, wa shifā’an min kulli dā’.
O Allah, I ask You for knowledge that is beneficial, provision that is abundant and a cure from every illness.
Sa’ee of Safa and Marwah
Now move towards Safa reciting: ” إِنَّ اَلصَّفَا وَاَلْمَرْوَةَ مِنْ شَعَائِرِ اَللَّهِ ” أَبْدَأُ بِمَا بَدَأَ اَللَّهُ بِهِ ” اللهُ أَكْبَرُ ، اللهُ أَكْبَرُ ” ” لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اَللَّهُ
ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مِنَ اَلْبَابِ إِلَى اَلصَّفَا, فَلَمَّا دَنَا مِنَ اَلصَّفَا قَرَأَ: ” إِنَّ اَلصَّفَا وَاَلْمَرْوَةَ مِنْ شَعَائِرِ اَللَّهِ ” ” أَبْدَأُ بِمَا بَدَأَ اَللَّهُ بِهِ ” فَرَقِيَ اَلصَّفَا, حَتَّى رَأَى اَلْبَيْتَ, فَاسْتَقْبَلَ اَلْقِبْلَةَ 2 فَوَحَّدَ اَللَّهَ وَكَبَّرَهُ وَقَالَ: ” لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اَللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ, لَهُ اَلْمُلْكُ, وَلَهُ اَلْحَمْدُ, وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ, لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اَللَّهُ [ وَحْدَهُ ] 3 أَنْجَزَ وَعْدَهُ, وَنَصَرَ عَبْدَهُ, وَهَزَمَ اَلْأَحْزَابَ وَحْدَهُ
Then he went out of the gate to Safa, and as he approached it, he recited: “Verily as-Safa and Marwah are among the signs appointed by Allah,”(2:158), adding, “I begin with what Allah began.” He first mounted as-Safa until he saw the House, and facing the Qiblah he declared the Oneness of Allah and glorified Him and said:
لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اَللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيك لَهُ, لَهُ اَلْمُلْكُ, وَلَهُ اَلْحَمْدُ, وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ, لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اَللَّهُ [ وَحْدَهُ ] أَنْجَزَ وَعْدَهُ, وَنَصَرَ عَبْدَهُ وَهَزَمَ اَلْأَحْزَابَ وَحْدَهُ
(There is no God but Allah, He is One, and has no partner. His is the dominion, and His is the praise and He has Power over all things. There is no God but Allah alone, Who fulfilled His promise, helped His servant and defeated the confederates alone.”) He said these words three times making supplications in between. He then descended and walked towards Marwah, and when his feet touched the bottom of the valley, he ran; and when he began to ascend, he walked (at his normal pace) until he reached Marwah. There he did as he had done at Safa….Muslim
After intention of Sa’ee and reciting:
” إِنَّ اَلصَّفَا وَاَلْمَرْوَةَ مِنْ شَعَائِرِ اَللَّهِ ” أَبْدَأُ بِمَا بَدَأَ اَللَّهُ بِهِ ” اللهُ أَكْبَرُ ، اللهُ أَكْبَرُ ” ” لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اَللَّهُ
make dua facing the Ka’ba then commence the Sa’ee. Walk between Safa and Marwah seven times; whilst running between the two green pillars (lights). Remember Safa to Marwa is one round, and Marwa to Safa is the second, in this way the seven round of Sa’ee will end at Marwa. Engage in dua and zikrullah during walking in Sa’ee. Abdullah Ibn Mas’ood and Abdullah Ibn Umar RA used to recite this dua:
رب اغفر وارحم إنك أنت الأعز الأكرم
‘O Lord forgive me and have mercy on me, Indeed You are the Most Honourable and the Most Generous.’
After completion of Sa’ee it is preferable to go back into the Masjid and perform two Raka’ats of Nafl Salah. Lubaab Umdat ul Manasik
Shave or Trim the hair
If you were performing Umrah alone or the Hajj e Tamattu, and this was your Umrah for the Hajj you will come out of the Ihram by Shaving the head which is preferable or by trimming the hair on the head. The preference of Shaving the head can be understood by the Hadith below:
أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ” اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلْمُحَلِّقِينَ ”. قَالُوا وَلِلْمُقَصِّرِينَ. قَالَ ” اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلْمُحَلِّقِينَ ”. قَالُوا وَلِلْمُقَصِّرِينَ. قَالَهَا ثَلاَثًا. قَالَ ” وَلِلْمُقَصِّرِينَ ”( باب الْحَلْقِ وَالتَّقْصِيرِ عِنْدَ الإِحْلاَلِ)
Narrated Abu Hurrairah: Rasulullah said, “O Allah! Forgive those who get their heads shaved.” The people asked. “Also those who get their hair cut short?” Rasulullah said, “O Allah! Forgive those who have their heads shaved.” The people said, “Also those who get their hair cut short?” Rasulullah (invoke Allah for those who have their heads shaved and) at the third time said, “also (forgive) those who get their hair cut short.” Bukhari Chapter: To shave the head and to have the head-hair cut short on finishing the Ihram
Women pilgrims will not shave their heads to come out of Ihram rather they will cut a bit of their hair:
وَعَنِ اِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا, عَنِ اَلنَّبِيِّ - صلى الله عليه وسلم -قَالَ: { لَيْسَ عَلَى اَلنِّسَاءِ حَلْقٌ, وَإِنَّمَا يُقَصِّرْنَ } رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ بِإِسْنَادٍ حَسَنٍ .
Ibn Abbas (RA) narrated that Rasulullah said: “Women (pilgrims) do not have to shave (their heads); they may only shorten their hair.” Abu Dawood
Full Practical Video - How to Perform Umrah
Days Of Hajj
8th of Dhul Hijjah
The Haji will come into the state of Ihram in the same way as mentioned above, except now the intention will be for Hajj. And proceed to Mina after performing Fajr Salah in Makkah. Due to the number of Hujjaj in this day and age the authorities might send you earlier. There they will perform Zuhr, Asar, Maghrib, Isha and Fajr in the morning of the 9th of Dhul Hijjah. All these Salah to be performed in their respective times.
فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمَ اَلتَّرْوِيَةِ تَوَجَّهُوا إِلَى مِنَى, وَرَكِبَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ - صلى الله عليه وسلم -فَصَلَّى بِهَا اَلظُّهْرَ, وَالْعَصْرَ, وَالْمَغْرِبَ, وَالْعِشَاءَ, وَالْفَجْرَ, ثُمَّ مَكَثَ قَلِيلاً حَتَّى طَلَعَتْ اَلشَّمْسُ
‘When it was the day of Tarwiyah (8th of Dhul-Hijjah) they went to Mina and put on the Ihram for Hajj and Rasulullah rode his mount, and there he led the Dhur (noon), ‘Asr (afternoon), Maghrib (sunset), ‘Isha and Fajr (dawn) prayers. He then waited a little until the sun had risen…’ Muslim
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِمِنًى الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ وَالْمَغْرِبَ وَالْعِشَاءَ وَالْفَجْرَ ثُمَّ غَدَا إِلَى عَرَفَاتٍ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ قَدْ تَكَلَّمُوا فِيهِ مِنْ قِبَلِ حِفْظِهِ .
Ibn Abbas narrated: “The Messenger of Allah led us in Salah at Mina for Zuhr, Asr, Maghrib, Isha, and Fajr, then he left in the morning to Arafat.” Tirmidhi
9th of Dhul Hijjah – Day of Arafat
This is the MAIN day of hajj. You must be in Arafat for a small amount of time BEFORE sunset ends
Wuqoof e Arafah
The time of Wuqoof is from after Zawaal and will end at Subh Sadiq next day: وَمَنْ أَدْرَكَ عَرَفَةَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَطْلُعَ الْفَجْرُ فَقَدْ أَدْرَكَ الْحَجَّ “And whoever attends Arafah before the rising of Fajr, then he has performed the Hajj.” Tirmidhi
After Sunrise the Hujjaj will proceed towards the plains of Arafat. Organisation is such nowadays that all the Hujjaj reach Arafat well before the time of Zawaal. After reaching Arafat, prepare yourself for this most important day and the most important ‘Rukn’ of Hajj. It has been deemed as preferable to bathe before commencing the Wuqoof as can be understood from the Hadith below:
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ، كَانَ يَغْتَسِلُ لإِحْرَامِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُحْرِمَ وَلِدُخُولِهِ مَكَّةَ وَلِوُقُوفِهِ عَشِيَّةَ عَرَفَةَ .
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi’ that ‘Abdullah ibn Umar used to do ghusl for ihram before he entered ihram, and for entering Makkah, and for standing on the afternoon of Arafah. Muwatta Malik
After Zawaal the Imam delivers the Khutbah in Masjid e Namirah after which the Zuhr and Asar is performed combined.
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ غَدَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِنْ مِنًى حِينَ صَلَّى الصُّبْحَ صَبِيحَةَ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ حَتَّى أَتَى عَرَفَةَ فَنَزَلَ بِنَمِرَةَ وَهِيَ مَنْزِلُ الإِمَامِ االْلَّذِي يَنْزِلُ بِهِ بِعَرَفَةَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ عِنْدَ صَلاَةِ الظُّهْرِ رَاحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مُهَجِّرًا فَجَمَعَ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ ثُمَّ خَطَبَ النَّاسَ ثُمَّ رَاحَ فَوَقَفَ عَلَى مَوْقِفِ مِنْ عَرَفَةَ
Ibn ‘Umar said Rasulullah proceeded from Mina when he offered the dawn prayer on Yaum Al ‘Arafah (9th of Dhu Al Hijjah) in the morning till he came to ‘Arafah and he descended at Namirah. This is the place where the Imam (prayer leader at Arafah) takes his place. When the time of the noon prayer came, Rasulullah proceeded and combined the Zuhr and Asar prayers. He then addressed the people (i.e., recited the sermon) and proceeded. He performed the wuqoof at Arafah. Abu Dawood
This is also mentioned in some detail in this part of the Hadith of Jabir bin ‘Abdullah recorded by Imam Muslim:
ثُمَّ مَكَثَ قَلِيلاً حَتَّى طَلَعَتْ اَلشَّمْسُ، فَأَجَازَ حَتَّى أَتَى عَرَفَةَ, فَوَجَدَ اَلْقُبَّةَ قَدْ ضُرِبَتْ لَهُ بِنَمِرَةَ فَنَزَلَ بِهَا حَتَّى إِذَا زَاغَتْ اَلشَّمْسُ أَمَرَ بِالْقَصْوَاءِ, فَرُحِلَتْ لَهُ, فَأَتَى بَطْنَ اَلْوَادِي, فَخَطَبَ اَلنَّاسَ. ثُمَّ أَذَّنَ ثُمَّ أَقَامَ, فَصَلَّى اَلظُّهْرَ, ثُمَّ أَقَامَ فَصَلَّى اَلْعَصْرَ, وَلَمْ يُصَلِّ بَيْنَهُمَا شَيْئًا ثُمَّ رَكِبَ حَتَّى أَتَى اَلْمَوْقِفَ فَجَعَلَ بَطْنَ نَاقَتِهِ اَلْقَصْوَاءِ إِلَى الصَّخَرَاتِ, وَجَعَلَ حَبْلَ اَلْمُشَاةِ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَاسْتَقْبَلَ اَلْقِبْلَةَ, فَلَمْ يَزَلْ وَاقِفاً حَتَّى غَرَبَتِ اَلشَّمْسُ, وَذَهَبَتْ اَلصُّفْرَةُ قَلِيلاً, حَتَّى غَابَ اَلْقُرْصُ, وَدَفَع…َ
‘Rasulullah continued on until he came to Arafah and he found that the tent had been pitched for him at Namirah. There he got down until the sun had passed its meridian; he commanded that al-Qaswa’ be brought and saddled for him, then he came to the bottom of the valley, and addressed the people with the well-known sermon Khutbat al-Wada (the Farewell Sermon). Then the Adhan was pronounced and later on the Iqamah and the Prophet led the Dhuhr (noon) prayer. Then another Iqamah was pronounced and the Prophet led the Asr (afternoon) prayer and he observed no other prayer in between the two. The Messenger of Allah then mounted his camel and came to the place where he was to stay. He made his she-camel, al-Qaswa turn towards the rocky side, with the pedestrian path lying in front of him. He faced the Qiblah, and stood there until the sunset, and the yellow light diminished somewhat, and the disc of the sun totally disappeared. Muslim
Leave for Muzdalifah after Sunset
فَإِذَآ أَفَضْتُم مِّنْ عَرَفَـتٍ فَاذْكُرُواْ اللَّهَ عِندَ الْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ
Then when you leave `Arafat, remember Allah at the Mash`ar-il-Haram. 2:92
After sunset the Hujjaj will leave for Muzdalifah this part of the Hadith of Jabir bin ‘Abdullah recorded by Imam Muslim
وَقَدْ شَنَقَ لِلْقَصْوَاءِ اَلزِّمَامَ حَتَّى إِنَّ رَأْسَهَا لَيُصِيبُ مَوْرِكَ رَحْلِهِ, وَيَقُولُ بِيَدِهِ اَلْيُمْنَى: ” أَيُّهَا اَلنَّاسُ, اَلسَّكِينَةَ, اَلسَّكِينَةَ “, كُلَّمَا أَتَى حَبْلاً أَرْخَى لَهَا قَلِيلاً حَتَّى تَصْعَدَ حَتَّى أَتَى اَلْمُزْدَلِفَةَ
He pulled the nose string of al-Qaswa’ so forcefully that its head touched the saddle (in order to keep her under perfect control), and pointing with his right hand, advised the people to be moderate (in speed) saying: “O people! Calmness! Calmness!” Whenever he passed over an elevated tract of land, he slightly loosened the nose-string of his camel until she climbed up. This is how he reached al-Muzdalifah’. Muslim
Combine Maghrib and Isha Salah in Isha time
Upon reaching Muzdalifah, Maghrib and Isha Salah will be combined in Isha time. This is clear from the Hadith narrated by Abdur-Rahman bin Yazid recorded by Imam Bukhari RA:
” ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ “ إِنَّ هَاتَيْنِ الصَّلاَتَيْنِ حُوِّلَتَا عَنْ وَقْتِهِمَا فِي هَذَا الْمَكَانِ الْمَغْرِبَ وَالْعِشَاءَ، فَلاَ يَقْدَمُ النَّاسُ جَمْعًا حَتَّى يُعْتِمُوا..
`Abdullah then said, ” Rasulullah said, ‘These two prayers have been shifted from their stated times at this place only (Muzdalifah); first: The Maghrib and the `Isha’. So the people should not arrive at Muzdalifah till the time of the `Isha’ prayer has become due…” Bukhari
حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو أَيُّوبَ الأَنْصَارِيُّ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم جَمَعَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ الْمَغْرِبَ وَالْعِشَاءَ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ.
Narrated Abu Aiyub Al-Ansari: Rasulullah offered the Maghrib and `Isha’ prayers together at Muzdalifah. Bukhari
The prayers will be offered with one Azaan and one Iqamah:
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ، صَلَّى بِجَمْعٍ فَجَمَعَ بَيْنَ الصَّلاَتَيْنِ بِإِقَامَةٍ وَقَالَ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَعَلَ مِثْلَ هَذَا فِي هَذَا الْمَكَانِ .
Abdullah bin Malik narrated: Ibn Umar prayed at Jam (Muzdalifah), so he combined two prayers with the Iqamah, and he said: ‘I saw the Messenger of Allah doing the same as this at the place. Tirmizi
Women, children and those who are weak or sick, have been granted permission to leave from Muzdalifah early as can be understood from the Ahadith below:
قَالَ سَالِمٌ وَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ يُقَدِّمُ ضَعَفَةَ أَهْلِهِ، فَيَقِفُونَ عِنْدَ الْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ بِلَيْلٍ، فَيَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ مَا بَدَا لَهُمْ، ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُونَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقِفَ الإِمَامُ، وَقَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ، فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَقْدَمُ مِنًى لِصَلاَةِ الْفَجْرِ، وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَقْدَمُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ، فَإِذَا قَدِمُوا رَمَوُا الْجَمْرَةَ، وَكَانَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ يَقُولُ أَرْخَصَ فِي أُولَئِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم.
Narrated Salim: `Abdullah bin `Umar used to send the weak among his family early to Mina. So they used to depart from Al-Mash’ar Al-Haram (Muzdalifah) at night and invoke Allah as much as they could, and then they would return (to Mina) before the Imam had started from Muzdalifah to Mina. So some of them would reach Mina at the time of the Fajr prayer and some of them would come later. When they reached Mina they would throw pebbles on the Jamra (Jamrat-Al- `Aqaba) Ibn `Umar used to say, Rasulullah gave the permission to them (weak people) to do so.” Bukhari
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ أَنَّ الْعَبَّاسَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ اسْتَأْذَنَ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم لِيَبِيتَ بِمَكَّةَ لَيَالِيَ مِنًى، مِنْ أَجْلِ سِقَايَتِهِ، فَأَذِنَ لَهُ
Narrated Ibn `Umar: Abbas asked the permission from Rasulullah to stay at Makkah during the nights of Mina in order to provide water to the people, Rasulullah allowed him. Bukhari
Pick up 49 or 70 pebbles from Muzdalifah depending on how many days you are remaining at Mina. Although to pick up only 7 is preferable one will discover that finding pebbles at any other place will be difficult, so you may get the full amount you will need for the thre or four days of pelting from Muzdalifah. Then you may rest till Subh Sadiq, from the Hadith of Jabir bin ‘Abdullah recorded by Imam Muslim we can observe that Rasulullah took a rest:
ثُمَّ اِضْطَجَعَ حَتَّى طَلَعَ اَلْفَجْر.. The Messenger of Allah then laid down until dawn…Muslim.ُ
10th Dhul Hijjah
Wuqoof of Muzdalifah is Wajib, the time for Wuqoof is after Subh Sadiq on the 10th of Dhul Hijjah. If even for a little while a person was to remain in Muzdalifah or pass by Muzdalifah after Subh Sadiq the wujoob would be fulfilled. To remain at Muzdalifah until sunrise is Sunnah.
Remember that this ‘wuqoof’ of Muzdalifah is also an important part of Hajj, people generally tend to perform Salah, pick up the pebbles and then think they have fulfilled their duty. This is also a place of acceptance of dua, so continue with Istighfaar, Takbeer, Tahleel, Tasbeeh,Durood and Talbiyah and engage in dua during your stay here.
In the morning perform Salat ul Fajr remeber to read the Sunnats of Fajr aswell, then continue with Istighfaar, Takbeer, Tahleel, Tasbeeh, Durood and Talbiyah and engage in dua. This is proven from the Hadith of Jabir bin ‘Abdullah recorded by Imam Muslim:
فَصَلَّى اَلْفَجْرَ, حِينَ تَبَيَّنَ لَهُ اَلصُّبْحُ بِأَذَانٍ وَإِقَامَةٍ ثُمَّ رَكِبَ حَتَّى أَتَى اَلْمَشْعَرَ اَلْحَرَامَ, فَاسْتَقْبَلَ اَلْقِبْلَةَ, فَدَعَاهُ, وَكَبَّرَهُ, وَهَلَّلَهُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ وَاقِفًا حَتَّى أَسْفَرَ جِدًّا.
“The Messenger of Allah then lay down until dawn and then offered the Fajr (dawn) prayer with an Adhan and an Iqamah when the morning light was clear and then offered the Fajr (dawn) prayer with an Adhan and an Iqamah when the morning light was clear. He again mounted al-Qaswa’, and when he came to Al-Mash‘ar Al-Haram (The Sanctuary Landmark, which is a small mountain at al-Muzdalifah) he faced the Qiblah, and supplicated to Allah, Glorified Him, and pronounced His Uniqueness and Oneness, and kept standing until the daylight was very clear”.
Now depart for Mina reciting Talbiyah. After reaching Mina pelt the Jamarah Al Aqabah (Big Jamarah) with seven stones, reciting ‘Allah u Akbar’ with every throw. This is described in the Hadith of Jabir bin’ Abdullah recorded by Imam Muslim:
ثُمَّ سَلَكَ اَلطَّرِيقَ اَلْوُسْطَى اَلَّتِي تَخْرُجُ عَلَى اَلْجَمْرَةِ اَلْكُبْرَى, حَتَّى أَتَى اَلْجَمْرَةَ اَلَّتِي عِنْدَ اَلشَّجَرَةِ, فَرَمَاهَا بِسَبْعِ حَصَيَاتٍ, يُكَبِّرُ مَعَ كُلِّ حَصَاةٍ مِنْهَا, مِثْلَ حَصَى اَلْخَذْفِ
He followed the middle road, which comes out at the greatest Jamarah (one of the three stoning sites called Jamrat-ul ‘Aqabah), he came to Jamarah which is near the tree. At this he threw seven small pebbles, saying, Allahu Akbar` while throwing each of them in a manner in which small pebbles are thrown…Muslim
Talbiyah will end the first stone
قَالَ ـ فَكِلاَهُمَا قَالاَ لَمْ يَزَلِ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يُلَبِّي حَتَّى رَمَى جَمْرَةَ الْعَقَبَةِ.
Narrated ‘Ubaidullah bin `Abdullah…”Both of them (Usama and Al-Fadl) said, Rasulullah was constantly reciting Talbiya till he did Rami of the Jamarat-Al-`Aqaba.” Bukhari
Today only this Jamarah will be pelted. After the pelting one will now proceed to sacrifice animal. This sacrifice is for the Qaarin and Mutamatti; after the sacrifice the hair of the head will be shaved or trimmed. According to the Hanafi Fiqh order between the three i.e. pelting, sacrifice and shaving or trimming is Wajib. We can understand this order from the Sahih Hadith recorded by Imam Tirmizi RA below:
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ لَمَّا رَمَى النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم الْجَمْرَةَ نَحَرَ نُسُكَهُ ثُمَّ نَاوَلَ الْحَالِقَ شِقَّهُ الأَيْمَنَ فَحَلَقَهُ فَأَعْطَاهُ أَبَا طَلْحَةَ ثُمَّ نَاوَلَهُ شِقَّهُ الأَيْسَرَ فَحَلَقَهُ فَقَالَ “ اقْسِمْهُ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ ” . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ .
Anas bin Malik narrated: When the Messenger of Allah stoned the Jamarah, he slaughtered his sacrifice, then he presented the barber the right side (of his head) and he shaved it, then he gave (the hair) to Abu Talhah. Then he presented the left side to him and he shaved it. Then he said: ‘Divide it (the hair) among the people. Tirmizi
Women pilgrims will not shave their heads to come out of Ihram rather they will cut a bit of their hair:
وَعَنِ اِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا, عَنِ اَلنَّبِيِّ - صلى الله عليه وسلم -قَالَ: { لَيْسَ عَلَى اَلنِّسَاءِ حَلْقٌ, وَإِنَّمَا يُقَصِّرْنَ } رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ بِإِسْنَادٍ حَسَنٍ .
Ibn Abbas (RA) narrated that Rasulullah said: “Women (pilgrims) do not have to shave (their heads); they may only shorten their hair.” Abu Dawood
After shaving or trimming of the hair (Halaq/Qasr), one partly comes out from the state of Ihram; everything except intimacy between spouses is now allowed.
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ - صلى الله عليه وسلم -{ إِذَا رَمَيْتُمْ وَحَلَقْتُمْ فَقَدَ حَلَّ لَكُمْ اَلطِّيبُ وَكُلُّ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا اَلنِّسَاءَ
A’ishah (RAA) narrated, Rasulullah said: ”When one of you threw the pebbles and shaved his hair, everything including perfume becomes lawful for him except women (i.e. sexual intercourse).” Ahmad and Abu Dawood
Now you may proceed to Makkah to perform Tawaf Al Ifadah (Ziyarah).
ثُمَّ رَكِبَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ - صلى الله عليه وسلم -فَأَفَاضَ إِلَى اَلْبَيْتِ, فَصَلَّى بِمَكَّةَ اَلظُّهْرَ } رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ مُطَوَّلاً
The Messenger of Allah again rode and came to the House (of Allah), where he performed Tawaf al-Ifada and offered the Dhuhr prayer at Makkah….’ Muslim transmitted this Hadith through a very long narration describing the full details of the Hajj of the Prophet
If the Sa’ee was performed before hand then there will be no Ramal in this Tawaf, if it was not performed then Ramal would be done in the first three rounds. Idhtiba would only apply if the Sa’ee was being done in Ihram clothing.
The time for this Tawaf will be from the 10th of Dhul Hijjah to the sunset of 12th of Dhul Hijjah. After this Tawaf the Haji will now return to Mina.
11th and 12th of Dhul Hijjah
One will pelt all three Jamarat on these days after zawaal. From Zawaal to Sunset is the ‘Masnoon’ time, from sunset to Subh Sadiq is the ‘Makrooh’ time. Although if due to a valid excuse one delayed till then it won’t be classed as ‘Makrooh’. Either way this delay will not result in any penalty. Umdat ul Manasik
عَنْ وَبَرَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ رضى الله عنهما ـ مَتَى أَرْمِي الْجِمَارَ قَالَ إِذَا رَمَى إِمَامُكَ فَارْمِهْ. فَأَعَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْمَسْأَلَةَ، قَالَ كُنَّا نَتَحَيَّنُ، فَإِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ رَمَيْنَا
Narrated Wabra: I asked Ibn `Umar, “When should I do the Rami of the Jimar?” He replied, “When your leader does that.” I asked him again the same question. He replied, “We used to wait till the sun declined and then we would do the Rami (i.e. on the 11th and 12th of Dhul-Hijja).” Bukhari
The time for Rami on the 11th and 12th of Dhul Hijjah is from after Zawaal to Subh Sadiq. Although it is Sunnah to do it before sunset. One will pelt the small Jamarah first with seven pebbles reciting ‘Allah u Akbar’ for each one, then turn towards the Qiblah in dua. Then proceed to the middle Jamarah (Jamrat-ul-Wusta) and pelt with seven pebbles reciting ‘Allah u Akbar’ for each one, then turn towards the Qiblah in dua. Finally one would pelt the Jamrat-ul-Aqaba with seven pebbles reciting ‘Allah u Akbar’ for each one, but on this occasion without any dua he will return to Mina on the 11th and proceed to Makkah on the 12th if he does not wish to remain in Mina for the 13th. This can be understood from the narration below:
عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ كَانَ يَرْمِي الْجَمْرَةَ الدُّنْيَا بِسَبْعِ حَصَيَاتٍ، ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ عَلَى إِثْرِ كُلِّ حَصَاةٍ، ثُمَّ يَتَقَدَّمُ فَيُسْهِلُ، فَيَقُومُ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةِ قِيَامًا طَوِيلاً، فَيَدْعُو وَيَرْفَعُ يَدَيْهِ، ثُمَّ يَرْمِي الْجَمْرَةَ الْوُسْطَى كَذَلِكَ، فَيَأْخُذُ ذَاتَ الشِّمَالِ فَيُسْهِلُ، وَيَقُومُ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةِ قِيَامًا طَوِيلاً، فَيَدْعُو وَيَرْفَعُ يَدَيْهِ، ثُمَّ يَرْمِي الْجَمْرَةَ ذَاتَ الْعَقَبَةِ مِنْ بَطْنِ الْوَادِي، وَلاَ يَقِفُ عِنْدَهَا، وَيَقُولُ هَكَذَا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَفْعَلُ
Narrated Salim bin `Abdullah:`Abdullah bin `Umar used to do Rami of the Jamrat-ud-Dunya with seven small pebbles and used to recite Takbir on throwing each stone. He, then, would proceed further till he reached the level ground, where he would stay for a long time, facing the Qibla to invoke (Allah) while raising his hands. Then he would do Rami of the Jamrat-ul-Wusta similarly and would go to the left towards the level ground, where he would stand for a long time facing the Qibla to invoke (Allah) while raising his hands. Then he would do Rami of the Jamrat-ul-Aqaba from the middle of the valley, but he would not stay by it. Ibn `Umar used to say, “I saw Rasulullah doing like that.” Bukhari
He must leave Mina by sunset on the 12th of Dhul Hijjah. If he is still in Mina at this time then he should remain for the pelting of the Jamarat on the 13th of Dhul Hijjah. To leave Mina without pelting would be deemed as Makrooh.
13th Dhul Hijjah
If one remained in Mina on the 13th of Dhul Hijjah then the pelting could be done from Subh Sadiq to Maghrib. Although before Zawaal has been deemed as ‘Makrooh’. The ‘Masnoon’ time is after Zawaal to Sunset. Umdat ul Manasik.
Farewell Tawaf
Finally before leaving Makkah one must perform the farewell Tawaf (Tawaf Al Wida), this Wajib. Ladies who are in their menses are excused from performing it:
وَعَنْ اِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: { أُمِرَ اَلنَّاسُ أَنْ يَكُونَ آخِرَ عَهْدِهِمْ بِالْبَيْتِ, إِلَّا أَنَّهُ خَفَّفَ عَنِ الْحَائِضِ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ
Ibn ‘Abbas (RAA) narrated, ‘People were commanded to make the Tawaf round the Ka’bah their last rite;(Farewell Tawaf but the menstruating women were excused from it.’ Bukhari Muslim